Governor



M. MALLORY GOVERNOR May 9, 1944.

Filed Nov. 6, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Md/iO/Y Maihfy y 1944- M.MALLORY 2,348,302

GOVERNOR Filed Nov. 6, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Maw/'00 Mai/0r (WP/76 W,

Patented May 9, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GOVERNOR MarionMallory, Detroit, Mich.

Application November 6, 1942, Serial No. 464,821

9 Claims.

which will decrease the amount of charge admitted to the engine when theelectrical load on the generator is decreased.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic showing of the motor generator assembly.

Fig. 2 is a detail of the governor mechanism for the motor generatorassembly.

Fig. 3 show a modified form of the invention.

The electrical generator is designated i. Generator l is preferably adirect current generator but the invention is also useful with analternating current generator.

The electrical output circuit of the generator comprises wires 2 and 3.Devices 4, 5, 6, l and 8 (shown schematically in Fig. 2) are connectedinto the output circuit of the generator. Electrical devices 4 through 3can be any device which is operated by electrical current such, forexample, as incandescent lamps or electric welders for either resistanceor are electrical welding.

The generator I is arranged to be driven by the internal combustionengine 9 which can be either an injection engine or a carburettedengine. The engine 9, by way of example, is shown as a carburettedengine having a carburetor It) provided with anintake passageway ii, anair inlet l2, a fuel charge outlet i3, a venturi I4 and a fuel nozzle I9for the gasoline or other hydro 28 in the venturi l4. As stated above,one end of conduit 24 is connected into the housing 22 of the suctiondevice and the other endof the conduit 24 communicates with atmosphere.However, the communication of conduit 24 with atmosphere is controlledby a solenoid valve 29 reciprocably mounted in housing 30. Conduit 24connects into housing 30 and housing 39 is connected by conduit 3| intothe intake passageway of the carburetor above the venturi.

Valve housing 30 can open directly into atmosphere, but as showncommunicates with atmos-.

I phere indirectly through conduit 3! and intake carbon fuel. Thecarburetor is provided with the usual throttle valve 16 mounted uponshaft l1 journalled in the carburetor housing- An arm lil is fixed onthe shaft ll outside the carburetor passageway of the carburetor merelyto obtain cleaner air, it being customary to provide the intake end ofthe carburetor with an air cleaner. Valve 29 is a metering type of valveand therefore is provided with a tapered fiat surface 32 whichcooperates with the orifice 33 into which conduit 24 connects toincrease the amount that the orifice 33 is opened as the valve 29 risesin the housing 30. Valve 29 is provided with an en-.

larged steel head 34 which comprises the core of the solenoid.Compression spring 35 tends to keep valve 29 in closed position withrespect to orifice 33. The winding for the solenoid valve is designated36. It is understood that the solenoid can be located in any circuitwherein the current increases as load is applied to the generator andwherein the current decreases as the load on the generator decreases. Asshown, for purposes of description only, the solenoid winding 33 isconnected into the output line 2 of the generator.

The operation of the motor generator assembly is as follows: At idleposition valve 29 will close port 33 thereby shutting oil conduit 24from atmosphere (Fig. 2). At this time the manifold vacuum will be high,spring l9 will be extended, and throttle valve IS in idle position asshown in Fig; 2. Now if electric light 4 is turned on, current will flowthrough solenoid 36 and thereby raise piston 34 and valve 29 againstspring 35 which is compressed thereby opening orifice 33 and conduit 24which bleed air into the suction device 22. Due to the fact that flatface 32 on valve 29 is tapered downwardly and inwardly the amount thatorifice 33 is opened will increase as valve 29 rises.

When suction device 22 is thus bled to atmosphere the vacuum thereindecreases, spring l9 contracts and throttle valve l8 moves toward anopen position to permit more charge to be drawn into the engine. Itlight 5 is now also turned on, more current will pass through thesolenoid thereby raising valve 29 further and bleeding more air into thesuction device thereby cause the throttle ill to open further. Ifwelders l5, 1 and 8 are now connected into the circuit, in fact ifenough load. is connected into the circuit 2, 3, still more current willilow tl'irough solenoid 36 and thereby operate as above described tofully open. valve 25 and completely bleed suction device 22 toatmosphere whereupon spring 19 will open the throttle valve "wide asshown. in Fig. 3.

If welder 8 were now turned off, less current would fiow throughsolenoid all, piston 34 would drop slightly or be forced downwardly byspring 35 and partly close orifice 33 and cut down the air bleed. to thesuction. device 22. Thus, the increase in vacuum in suction device 22would cause diaphragm 2| to move to the right (Fig. 2) against spring 19and move the throttle valve l toward closed position to decrease thecharge flowing to the engine If all the lights and electric welders wereturned no current would :flow through the solenoid ottle valve it wouldmove toward fully closed ion and slow down the engine to idle. Themodified. form of the invention, shown in liigx, is identical with thatshown in Figs. 1 and 2 except that a centrifugal valve is connected intoconduit lit to shut off the same from atmosphere wlriehever the enginereaches a predetermined speed. This centrifugal valve comprises a housing fill in which is rotatably mounted. a shaft 4!. The shaft illadapted. to rotate in. accordance with the speed. of the engine or d.for convenience at of the engine di itor. Shaft M is provided with ahollow cylindrical portion 42 which cornnruinicates through orifice 4:;with the interior ill of housing ll]. Orifice 43 is controlled by acentrifugally operated valve Alli normally retaincd in open positioitension spring 46. Valve Mi is fixed on piston. l 1y mounted insidecylinrler All. All to permit air flow of spring All is regulated byachisting screw til carried by cylinder 42. The interior of cylinder 42communicates with conduit 24 by means oi axial passageway 50,diamctrical passagewa iii and the circular passageway 52 extendingcoinple .ly about shalt 4i and formed by mounting upper support bushing58 in spaced relatic 9th the lower support bushing .54 for the shaft 4i..ousing All is connected to orifice by conduit 56 As shown in Fig. 3 theelectrical devices 4 through 8 are in, operation. A cordihgly coirtrifugal valve lli i throttle valve I8 is wide open and the engine isoperating under full load at predetermined dc ed top speed. Now, ii forreason the engine should ceed ti predetermini-3d, governed; speed, centilfugal valve 45 is set to close whenever the engine exceeds a p deteriiuec desired govei speed. When ccntiilugal valve ts closed, conduit M iscut oil irom atmosphere even valve kill is wide o and. l 3 in. sucliondevice 1 H were valve Cll g1 if other ven rough valve to throttle downthe engine,

the centrifugal governor valve will come into play and throttle down theengine to maintain it within its predetermined governed range of speed.Whenever the engine speed falls below its top governed speed, spring 46will open valve thereby permitting the suction device to communicatewith atmosphere provided valve 29 is open) through conduit 24,passageway 50, orifice 43, chamber 44, conduit 56, orifice 33 andconduit 3|,

1 claim:

1. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connecting said suction device into the intakepassageway on the engine side of said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position as the vacuum in the suctiondevice increases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed for said suction device, and means coordinatedwith said generator and air bleed means and responsive to an increase inthe load put on the generator for moving the air bleed toward openposition correspondingly as the load is increased and therebycorrespondingly decreasing the vacuum in said suction device whereby thegovernor valve moves correspondingly toward open position.

2. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connecting said suction device into the intakepassageway on the engine side of said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position as the vacuum in the suctiondevice increases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed for said suction device, and means forcontrolling said air bleed and connected into the generator outputcircuit and responding to an increase in current flowing tb 'ethrough tomove the air bleed toward open is ion correspondingly as said currentincreases and thereby correspondingly decrease the vacuum in saidsuction device whereby the governor valve moves correspondingly towardopen position.

3. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theennine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connecting said suction device into the intakepassageway on the engine side of said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position the vacuum in the suction deviceincreases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed to atmosphere for said suction device includinga valve for opening and closing said air bleed, and electrical meansresponsive to load conditions of the generator for moving the air bleedvalve toward open position correspondingly as the load on the generatorincreases and for moving the air bleed valve toward. closed positioncorrespondingly as the load on the generator decreases whereby thesuction device moves the governor valve correspondingly toward openposition as the load on the generator increases and moves the governorvalve corrrspondingly towards closed position as the load on thegenerator decreases.

l. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connecting said suction device into the intakepassageway on the engine side 01' said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position as the vacuum in the suctiondevice increases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed to atmosphere for said suction device includinga valve for opening and closing said air bleed, and a solenoid connectedinto the generator output circuit for operating said air bleed valve,said solenoid responding to an increase in current flowing through thecircuit to move the air bleed valve toward open position correspondinglyas the current increases and thereby correspondlngly decrease the vacuumin said suction device whereby the governor valve moves correspondinglytoward open position.

5. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a throttle valve in said passageway, afuel inlet orifice into the intake passageway on the atmosphere side ofl the said throttle valve, a suction controlled device, a conduitconnecting said suction device into the intake passageway on th engineside of said valve whereby the suction device moves the valve towardclosed position as the vacuum in the suction device increases and movesthe valve toward open position as the vacuum decreases, an air bleed forsaid suction device, and means con nected into the generator outputcircuit and responding to anincrease in current flowing therethrough tomove the air bleed toward open position correspondingly as the currentincreases and thereby correspondingly decrease the vacuum in saidsuction device whereby the governor valve moves correspondingly towardopen posi tion and increases the charge flowing into the engine.

6. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a venturi in the intake passageway on the atmosphere side of thevalve, a conduit connecting the suction de vice into the venturi, aconduit connecting said suction device into the intake passageway on theengine side of said valve whereby the suction device moves the valvetoward closed position as the vacuum in the suction device increases andmoves the valve toward open position as the vacuum decreases, an airbleed for said suction device, and means connected into the generatoroutput circuit and responding to an increase in current flowingtherethrough to move the air bleed toward open position correspondinglyas said current increases and thereby correspondingly decrease thevacuum in said suction device whereby the governor valve movescorrespondingly toward open position.

7. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connecting said suction device into the intakepassageway on the engine side of said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position as the vacuum in the suctiondevice increases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed for said suction device, and means connectedinto the generator output circuit and responding to an increase incurrent flowing therethrough to move the air bleed toward open positionand thereby decrease the vacuum in said suction device whereby thegovernor valve moves toward open position, and a centrifugal valveoperated in accordance with the engine speed for closing off said airbleed whenever the engine reaches a predetermined speed.

8. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connect ing said suction device into the intakepassage way on the engine side of said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position as the vacuum in the suctiondevice increases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed to atmosphere for said suction device, andelectrically operated means responsive to an increase in the load put onthe generator for moving the air bleed toward open position whereby thegovernor valve moves toward open position, and centrifugally operatedmeans operated in accordance with the speed of the engine for shuttingoiI said air bleed when the engine reaches a predetermined speedirrespective of the load on the generator.

9. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intakepassageway and an electrical generator arranged to be driven by theengine, of a governor comprising a valve in said passageway, a suctiondevice, a conduit connecting said suction device into the intakepassageway on the engine side of said valve whereby the suction devicemoves the valve toward closed position as the vacuum in the suctiondevice increases and moves the valve toward open position as the vacuumdecreases, an air bleed for said suction device in the form of a conduitleading from the suction device to atmosphere, an electrically operatedvalve responsive to an in crease in the load put on the generator forclosing off the air bleed conduit from atmosphere whereby the governorvalve moves toward open position, and a centrifugally operated valvealso connected into said air bleed conduit operated in accordance withthe speed of the engine for closing said air bleed conduit ofif fromatmosphere irrespective of the load put on the generator andirrespective of the first mentioned electria cally operated valvewhenever the engine reaches a predetermined speed.

MARION MALLORY.

